Basic HTML Version
61
78 ןויליג
לוהינו הישעת
G. A. Meehl et al., Climate change 2007: the
physical science basis, Contribution of Working
Group I to the Fourth Assessment Report of the
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, (ed.
S. Solomon et al.), Cambridge and New York,
Cambridge University Press 2007, pp. 747-846.
G. Lopez, B. Valdez, M. Schorr, Editors, Air
Quality - New Perspective, Intech 2013, 326 pages.
I. A. Meir, D. Pearlmutter, Building for climate
change: Planning and design considerations in time
of climatic uncertainty. Corrosion Engineering,
Science and Technology 2010, 45(1), 70-75.
IPCC: “Emission scenarios”, Special report of
the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change,
(ed. N. Nakicenovic and R. Stwart), Cambridge,
Cambridge University Press 2000, p. 500.
IPCC: Climate change 2007: the physical science
basis, Contribution of Working Group I to the
FourthAssessment Report of the Intergovernmental
Panel on Climate Change, (ed. S. Solomon et al.),
Cambridge and New York, Cambridge University
Press 2007, p. 996.
Kishon River Authority, Cleaning up the Kishon
River, Ministry of the Environment 2001, www.
kishon.org.il
M. Schorr, B. Valdez, Pollution and Corrosion in
the Kishon River, The Israel 7th Conference on
Corrosion and Electrochemistry, Tel Aviv, Israel,
2006.
Nature Publishing Group, Journal: Nature Climate
Change, 2010.
N. Stern, The Economics of Climate Change,
Cambridge University Press, 2010.
N. Huberman, D. Pearlmutter, A life-cycle energy
analysis of building materials in the Negev desert.
Energy and Buildings 2008, 40(5), 837-848.
P. Castro, J. M. Mendoza, Influence of climate
change on concrete durability in Yucatan peninsula.
Corrosion Engineering, Science and Technology
2010, 45(1), 61-69.
S. E. Manahan, Fundamentals of Environmental
Chemistry, Lewis Publishers, 1993.
T. Flannery, The Weather Makers. The History and
Future Impacts of Climate Change, Allen Lane-
Penguin Books 2005.
United Nations, Gateway to UN System´s work on
Climate Change, 2007, unfccc.in/2860.php
Climate factors
Effect on infrastructure
Energy related
Solar and terrestrial radiation: energy balance
modified.
Weathering, degradation, desiccation, Cracking
of wood and plastics. Deterioration of paints and
coatings.
Temperature: heat waves, longer summer periods,
drought, thermal gradient, thermal expansion and
contraction.
Material damage due to increased rate of chemical
reactions; biochemical deterioration; accelerated
corrosion by contaminants, humidity loss, porosity
change.
Wind: gusts, wind driven sand, storms.
Static and dynamic loading of infrastructure assets.
Structural damage and collapse. Deterioration of
surfaces due to erosion.
Greenhouse gas emission: mainly CO2
Corrosion increase by carbonic acid, water body
acidification.
Water related
Water: moisture, rain, hail, frost, dew, snow, time of
wetness. Changes in humidity, hydrological cycles,
precipitation regime and evapotranspiration.
Freezing conditions. Hygroscopicity. Hydrolysis.
Water pH affects hydraulic infrastructure; damage
to porous buildings by water penetration and
evaporation, structural and biological damage;
damage due to faulty or inadequate water disposal
systems; crystallisation and dissolution of salts
caused by wetting and drying, water sorption by
canal and dam walls; soil instability and landslide
occurrence by floods.
Environmental pollution
Air pollutants: SOX, NOX, CO, CO2, NH3,
particulate matter, H2S, CFC, acidic rain, changes
in wet and dry deposition of pollutants
Enhanced atmospheric corrosion by acidic, oxidant
pollutants, formation of crusts and patinas.
Table 3. Climate factors related to energy, water and air pollution.
ריווא םוהיזו םימ ,היגרנאל םיסחוימה םילקא ימרוג
רשגה לע רתי סמועמו הליעפ היזורוקמ האצותכ ,ב”הראב יפיסיסימה לעמ ,הדלפו ןוטבמ יושע רשג תסירק